Group Norms

Norms serve as the unwritten rules that guide behaviour. Essentially, norms dictate what is considered appropriate or inappropriate conduct within an organisation. They play a crucial role in shaping organisational culture by establishing shared expectations, which help maintain consistency and cohesion. By reinforcing desired behaviours, norms contribute to an organisation’s efficiency, reliability, and innovation.

Norms in Schools

Some common and easily recognisable norms include not smoking in the workplace or maintaining good timekeeping. In schools, norms often manifest at the department level, where they can vary significantly.

For example, one department may foster a corporate, business-like atmosphere, where interactions are formal and task-oriented. In contrast, another department might have a more relaxed and jovial environment, with casual discussions and a greater emphasis on camaraderie.

Interestingly, these norms are rarely written down. Instead, they emerge through the behaviour of key stakeholders, particularly department leaders and experienced staff, who unconsciously model and reinforce these expectations. This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as the ‘Chameleon Effect’, where individuals instinctively mimic the behaviour, attitudes, and speech patterns of those around them, often without realising it.

The Power of Group Influence on Norms

The impact of group behaviour on norms was demonstrated in a 1968 study by Bibb Latané and John Darley. In their experiment, students were placed in a room where smoke was slowly seeping in. When alone, participants were more likely to report the issue as a potential danger. However, when placed in a group where others had been instructed to remain passive, they were far less likely to take action.

This study illustrates the powerful influence of group behaviour on individual decision-making. In a school setting, it highlights the importance of key stakeholders—such as senior leaders, department heads, and experienced teachers—consciously modelling the desired cultural norms.

Shaping a Strong School Culture

For a school culture to thrive, it is essential that high-profile staff consistently embody and demonstrate the school’s core values and expectations. If leadership fails to model these norms, they may struggle to embed and sustain a positive school culture. Therefore, school leaders must ensure that expectations are not only clearly communicated but also visibly upheld by those in influential positions.